numpy.transpose() Function

The numpy.transpose() function takes the array as an input, reverses its dimension, and returns the transposed array. In simple terms, the NumPy transpose swaps from rows to columns and columns to rows and returns the modified array as output.

Syntax

The syntax of numpy.transpose() function is:

numpy.transpose(arraxes=None)

Parameters

The numpy.transpose() method takes 2 parameters:

  • arr – An array-like object as an input argument
  • axes(optional) – If specified, it must be a tuple or list which contains a permutation of [0,1,..,N-1] where N is the number of axes of arr. If not specified, defaults to range(a.ndim)[::-1], which reverses the order of the axes.

Return Value

The numpy.transpose() method takes an array as input. It reverses its dimension by moving rows data to columns and columns data to rows and returns the modified array as an output.

Example 1: How to transpose NumPy array in Python?

In the below example, we transpose the NumPy array using the numpy.transpose() method.

import numpy as np

# NumPy Array
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])

# Prints original Array
print('Original Array\n', arr)

# Transposes rows to columns and columns to rows 
transposed_arr = np.transpose(arr)

# print the Transposed NumPy Array
print('Transposed Array\n',transposed_arr)

Output

Original Array
 [[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]

Transposed Array
 [[1 4]
 [2 5]
 [3 6]]

Example 2: Transpose the NumPy array with an axes

In the below example, we are specifying the axis parameter to transpose the array. This will permute the axes or interchange the rows and columns and returns the transposed array.

from array import array
import numpy as np

# NumPy Array
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])

# Prints original Array
print('Original Array\n', arr)

arr.strides

# Transposes rows to columns and columns to rows along axis
transposed_arr = np.transpose(arr, (1,0))

# print the Transposed NumPy Array
print('Transposed Array\n',transposed_arr)

Output

Original Array
 [[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]

Transposed Array
 [[1 4]
 [2 5]
 [3 6]]

Example 3 – Reposition NumPy Array elements using numpy.transpose()

In this example, we are creating a NumPy array using the numpy.ones() method and reposition the array elements using the numpy.transpose() method along with the shape.

from array import array
import numpy as np

# NumPy Array
arr = np.ones((3,4,6,5))  

# Transposes rows to columns and columns to rows 
transposed_arr1 = np.transpose(arr, (1,0,2,3)).shape
transposed_arr2 = np.transpose(arr, (0,1,3,2)).shape

# print the Transposed NumPy Array Shape
print('Transposed Array Shape 1 \n',transposed_arr1)
print('Transposed Array Shape 2 \n',transposed_arr2)

Output

Transposed Array Shape 1 
 (4, 3, 6, 5)
Transposed Array Shape 2
 (3, 4, 5, 6)

Conclusion

The numpy.transpose() function transposes row elements into column elements and column elements into row elements and returns the transposed array as output.

Reference: NumPy Library

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